Mechanisms of Dissemination and Clinical Features of Thoracic Metastases in Ovarian Cancer: A Literature Review

Khansa Kiasati Chandra Syahbunan¹, Brahmana Askandar Tjokroprawiro^2*, Arief Bakhtiar³, Grace Ariani⁴

Abstract

This literature review explores the mechanisms of thoracic dissemination in ovarian cancer and the clinical features associated with thoracic metastases. Ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of mortality among gynecologic malignancies, with nearly 75% of patients presenting with advanced-stage disease and high rates of recurrence despite surgery and chemotherapy. Most cases are diagnosed at late stages, contributing to poor survival outcomes and an increased risk of relapse. Common manifestations include small malignant pleural effusions, smooth pleural nodules, and metastatic lesions involving the lungs, pleura, or thoracic lymph nodes, which may mimic granulomatous disease. Recognizing these patterns is essential for accurate staging, guiding clinical decision-making, and assessing patient prognosis.

Keywords

ovarian cancer; thoracic metastasis; pleural effusion

Cite This Article

Syahbunan, K. K. C., Tjokroprawiro, B. A., Bakhtiar, A., Ariani, G. (2025). Mechanisms of Dissemination and Clinical Features of Thoracic Metastases in Ovarian Cancer: A Literature Review. International Journal of Scientific Advances (IJSCIA), Volume 6| Issue 6: Nov – Dec 2025, Pages 1148-1152 URL: https://www.ijscia.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Volume6-Issue6-Nov-Dec-No.988-1148-1152.pdf

Volume 6 | Issue 6: Nov – Dec 2025