Multiple Organ Dysfunction and The pSOFA Score in Critically Ill Children: A Narrative Review

Saskia Putri Fadillah¹, Arina Setyaningtyas^2,5*, Pradana Zaky Romadhon^3,6, Bambang Pujo Semedi^4,5

Abstract

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is one of the medical conditions associated with morbidity and mortality in critically ill children. Organ damage develops through a series of complex mechanisms that affect the cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, hepatobiliary, renal, and hematological systems. Early identification is important due to the wide range of manifestations of MODS. Pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA), a modification of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score for the adult population, provides an objective assessment of the severity of organ dysfunction and has been shown to have good predictive capability for mortality. This narrative review summarises the current evidence on MODS and the use of pSOFA as an important evaluation tool in the management of critically ill children. This comprehensive understanding is expected to strengthen clinical assessment and help optimise the management of children at risk of MODS in intensive care facilities.

Keywords

critically ill children; MODS; pSOFA score

Cite This Article

Fadillah, S. P., Setyaningtyas, A., Romadhon, P. Z., Semedi, B. P. (2025). Multiple Organ Dysfunction and The pSOFA Score in Critically Ill Children: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Scientific Advances (IJSCIA), Volume 6| Issue 6: Nov – Dec 2025, Pages 1157-1164 URL: https://www.ijscia.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Volume6-Issue6-Nov-Dec-No.990-1157-1164.pdf

Volume 6 | Issue 6: Nov – Dec 2025