Oral Hygiene Status and Oral Complaints of Pre-Elderly Patients with Hypertension in Surabaya, Indonesia: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Retno Palupi1*, Ririn Sugiarti², Andini Nur Azzahra³, Gilang Rasuna Sabdho Wening¹, Mochammad Daffa Athallah3, Martinus Yudha3, Eleonora Cathlin Kusuma3, Dea Arshila3
Abstract
Hypertension is a major chronic condition that is common among pre-elderly adults in Indonesia, yet descriptive data on the oral health of hypertensive patients at the primary care level remain limited. This descriptive cross-sectional study described the oral hygiene status and oral complaints of pre-elderly patients (45–54 years) with hypertension in the working area of Simomulyo Public Health Center, Surabaya. Ninety patients were recruited by accidental sampling in June 2024. Oral hygiene was examined with the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), and oral complaints (medication-related lip swelling, dry mouth, metallic taste, pain during chewing, and gum bleeding) were collected by questionnaire. Data were summarized as frequencies and percentages. Most participants were women (73.3%). Only 11 participants (12.2%) had good oral hygiene, whereas 48 (53.3%) had moderate and 31 (34.4%) had poor oral hygiene. Pain during chewing was reported by 66.7% of participants (always or sometimes), gum bleeding by 47.8% (always or sometimes), dry mouth by 31.1%, metallic taste by 13.3%, and medication-related lip swelling by 3.3%. Suboptimal oral hygiene and frequent oral complaints were therefore common in this group, supporting the integration of oral health screening and promotion into hypertension care at primary health centers. Given the descriptive design and non-probability sampling, the findings describe the sample and should not be read as associations or generalized.
Keywords
oral health; hypertension; oral hygiene; oral complaints; OHI-S; pre-elderly; Prolanis; public health center; cross-sectional study
Cite This Article
Palupi, R., Sugiarti, R., Azzahra, A. N., Wening, G. R. S., Athallah, M. D., Yudha, M., Kusuma, E. C., Arshila, D. (2026). Oral Hygiene Status and Oral Complaints of Pre-Elderly Patients with Hypertension in Surabaya, Indonesia: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Scientific Advances (IJSCIA), Volume 7| Issue 6: Nov – Dec 2026, Pages 957-962. URL: https://www.ijscia.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/11/Volume7-Issue6-Nov-Dec-No.1117-957-962.pdf
Volume 7 | Issue 6: Nov – Dec 2026
