Contemporary advances in Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery: Clinical Outcomes, Challenges, and Future Perspectives – A Systematic Review Anak Agung Ketut Lanang Ari Mayun1, Ni Nyoman Hita Girindra Wardani2*, Putu Gede Ananda Krishna Dipayana3 Abstract Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has increasingly emerged as an alternative to conventional median sternotomy with